Doubt is the father of discovery.

— Galileo

Galileo paid a heavy price for his doubt. It is inspiring to know that he held to its efficacy.

The compulsive quest for certainty is not the expression of genuine faith but is rooted in the need to conquer the unbearable doubt.

— Erich Fromm, Escape from Freedom

The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are always so certain of themselves, and wiser people so full of doubts.

— Bertrand Russell, philosopher, mathematician, author, Nobel laureate (1872-1970)

A skeptic is not one who doubts, but one who examines.

— Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French literary critic and historian

My hosannahs have all be forged in the crucible of doubt.

— Fyodor Dostoyevski

The greatest obstacle to discovering the shape of the earth, the continents and the ocean was not ignorance but the illusion of knowledge.

– Daniel Boorstin

To really appreciate the profundity of this quote you have to think back to Galileo (1564 – 1642) and his epic battle with the Roman Catholic church over the nature of our solar system. Although Copernicus (1473 – 1543) had developed the heliocentric theory a hundred years earlier, the “prevailing wisdom” maintained that the earth was at rest at the center of the universe while the sun and the planets revolved around it.

But Galileo had a telescope — and became convinced that Copernicus was right. He championed the sun-centric “theory” at great personal risk. He was declared a heretic, forced to recant, and spent the last years of his life under house arrest. The church did not lift its ban on the general prohibition against works advocating heliocentrism until 1758.

Although the true nature of the earth’s place in the solar system was know by they early 1500′s it wasn’t until 250 years later that the illusion of knowledge gave way to reality.

I can’t help but wonder how many other bits of illusory knowledge are blocking true understanding. For example, everyone seems fixated on bailing out the failing banks to restore our troubled economy. But could that be an illusion? What do we really need? We need functioning banks that provide credit to the business world. Does that have to be BofA and Wells Fargo? What if we created a new bank with the trillions of dollars we are promising to these banks?

As an aside, I have read several of Daniel Boorstin’s books and can’t recommend them highly enough. They are thick, heavy tomes that must be digested slowly, but offer rich explorations of our search to understand our world. The Discovers and The Creators are at the top of my list.